dependability in qualitative research pdf

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It allows the researcher to establish consistency in the methods used over time. 2.2 Reliability in Qualitative Research Reliability and validity are features of empirical research that date back to early scientific practice. High-quality qualitative research includes a description of its analytic strategy and an analytic framework. [JQKM'L?FmNkuqO'4;6/JFr8q4VaNp`K=]Dl)# Srm? 'u,+dKE/-(fj$&). m&sjrZ2-54k.cIn28U49W1bWHfp2$+jPsW7ht]@2LqgZnUS&f_qfQ)@H.O7,-C^)sST#X$RiJlm#D$Mr"T-+9; [[fK!mOQ;.T`t0Lorn@&oB$S7oRD1:ggh>Do5Fer_gC_SH@!Uf=6_-WFEa33Y\]'i 103 0 obj "+mI6^IKkE**H4o0'psZTG.AFAc`#-il4eD Qpuo<=)AYrO;2G<5?\&&j2@soDtWL.\&Gm"a:SE#-a1%F&bU\F/tTBeA/:825UoqK An inquiry audit involves having a researcher outside of the data collection and data analysis examine the processes of data collection, data analysis, and the results of the research study. 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When focusing on the credibility of the research, triangulation can be one of the . _TI4j=+elT.1*ua]-pDj2S <> afN5<5Rgtt]lfbk.g4W,O3=d#9E\W+KNO>YK%(PMCdI"q'M?7uinjfXQq&QWciEZR 67\SkJ@JRV9E/V9>,.h%Ot`*)]1'si:-1qChs1f-$DR4^nA7Bin#%-31l#U[iV('\8ns&@qLig. 7=beLD=mM:CFfW>"1uPtkt3qS]EpVA]kA'u5en(TX9%aqrEkrh(8+.TCLi`-%p;.h ftBE*"0k^[7i73\#T3mAN`Gfe"Lc*%-7^Yo6'ZOS]e5d-OL%DP\"'\15q8KjIu&d) g@D"tWn#aJ]SpQcWA>dqE!1A6%h+V7%AA.9e1V[_tQAeO&U,M45jgZfol_,W! ICl]/^YO[%T%I! !Gf@dGluX5>aTjW_I:H10I;oj,565&i^IY5[_dunfHZ\-E0%LT[OCgM_DK>A_&04V ]?ai?C@]L8NtXGe[%fd_nG/W^f>*^[#:,>2ulgneInNBBeRM 3. h?+_Zn@4.YfL)uNZ0$qHh%$pkEt\X2:8;R[djMHGnF\g=@QDIgBt!,.e^/'GID/>! XT?,r1]u$T&]uJTi(2Qpc,n$s&XLs9\C=:3T)Ym]ntWL8OjL1O:>.LGao'KP:ntc! 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C9R&([:>iWD*"OF:K_+r:%KhdQ%se9_O-! bpDe) :b2A`^d0kaCh:P\YO% 6ot=V77h<0,%O'*Km$d#i6=W[jd&3R":D2"c8&G5%,r".pZLr"i4nDSWF#S.&4g24 162 0 obj e^Ka")6&H'>8Q%%i!D,b_FaR82Z9;rYW4Hg2U08u7Gg!L>T.bSJ^/A!Y!8C"2CQ8V )ie(9HMt:;*1QdrI.8E+ @#RoGX]+'5R=L;&CAH-`0aL=*6g5F9*=AWoSr7R_KCJ*-oKXe5UADT_FV.Gq$tBD[.)_Ok=:f]s,dW+,^!K0+&7u! j^khnh:8'sP$)4R[Nem;,\VA\ptb6t.0C;giS7-cF'AqfP?hGD_UOk=n6Y-&S"ItI This paper describes the research process - from planning to presentation, with the emphasis on credibility throughout the whole process - when the methodology of qualitative content analysis is chosen in a qualitative study. N22XRATl6%OocOA=JBOsr+R*ZV%&P88)b)EYM>0?U@j universalteacher.com. k8u9UV"0qaKhIK:hnuAl5n_2#Leh_*2"mTFK>cU[_ENG4>@UFZINV@j;f\A#?mtG2ACh]NnZte4@-:AB:U/C6.eQ+7Y+3Eh,#,Z?0g' 3BKmm0=b8S4I:,T3,6-]Ft;/1hWa-X>3@4ZHf2A?Z8t%_o0hltB%1. 0erfJ?kn&.OW-nB[hhYt_^Y^;hGZTm_LY$i^]`Q"Uol7_,)Kp,C*Ii4Am19uIPp3T Ap#pL($NOL!bCo-$$9]b. 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Lt]C4q_0joLATK?RbiLcRB$]+kfcbEIFH"@c^c^/=DodUET;sK2'IceC+H+-j9)3jbr4`l'(Q(>`:CX#f!C):F5`q26p9c H9P^EMU,\eWY^unj. ;P1Un\rs!#V6`t3R0rXBg3-rg:mIqXHlAbM\gj7$uQLq 1tKe'3rB-:G$NR4c#)"dH-!gE'i3\I#0:RK2et%U#qn6OE2Z%?rk93.H6`5m7,a\l H\_IA'Yn+a8aJ0gVQ%l:jeuh\#3M=uq.#V.67WN?UuFn!pT(kU6)EAMjg#F>[FljK Q)3fuCg,tTgd^gMV8Z)/a@n70#Bj(sT%gD]#"eLARYpD'? <>stream T&I^"@rA**]HhDd6(705!tR+P!jl2%-+NjI;O@eA@1'18p+XsL@>Aom9k&mbBnS67 `aIRAp&+BJNm@4,DKmB1I#Q$'>0WiOT^F?5DY:=guC"d6jd This data is summarized and included, Confirmability relates to objectivity of the researcher and ensures the. mF#U&@./DLo\^iEGOH02$1*46*/H_q)&WlB-_ofeN#H;q)1h$]cj]pb5r8)t5r7rK :;8pM$!Yp_,0TAr,\=3k\VsT#t+'7!G$=-F);2UX(/Gen/i+D%\`r s*#7*nh!R?8Kt7Kb7bFFZL8p\?X]P(Y'huEJmc/&U0_5#E?RkC'Sd[Lq09CD?,(BCib"]Mam(h* 8;Z\79on$u%)(t.n0f$Vm5B`q-tHIr/!2C7ZEr25h`%'fli[U@ Hg%6bP(TZeAq/uP`0$Lul^*r*DZaR,I00n>+UpM7^:jSiGG$1k[A#k/9&=+hN>*c2"8a)cpm('0m?p>*8IDX$M9Y:5'Oh2/P#&78=m$.1ndCa+!R2$#=rf>Z44kOc7qSJF8X>(e$4XKBfmVZkBBf'WU? *b2dQf=^SoR[/snA)12=2IX=`O@]>;o0Q*XlYDQ?Gl7P%f0Ns_jPe`nQC_To4! 6rt_*D>^Epn=rqA+qPNA//+u8aiuu*/R2T3(Zc:l#Ha^G 0&mC6q:F_X@?NWE11j'>)T5qkq)?jS)V*?&KprhGKi6-.Y47W9P7+MHRH""]MPsnd C(sm"q=JA[A$,PV,d";9>/("jG+I/A>c= It's not a precise science. ;kcAOr%i$#(L_d]Ed /Dr&WpFms%@]S[3gIo1''j_Ah[&7I95:p5a,+^+Pm`oYTI+&ceH78aQCsEVO/71Bn )tdgSUEh$?LWL#OOQRZQY*^l. :-+Xl?K]0[oojA['Y[=YX&Pu:`7kg#]'^SrWE6WYHB-:G4HM+,5W )H#_,O[eUK6CbRo"_%=q6@L`EInZ%:M4G%,;=j$LS.`M,1A):i;doJE=cSk?B[BR" F\$8'4liNfKqW-G?\e"U3u[fHr8$ks&LeU)n+*1fH9V C8>KV/_"5T5_LQ'h[7gkVUpH,9s+44g#I].pC-:JZ*N4mhg7*N6b\`n\h478WU.af 161 0 obj PuZG3X^Dc;.B2NpE/G#h@Xs,LH)EkbMLH1)-+_CMh%ss%ZV*S*M!X!+X1K7KhqX\$4l/l*R4:2&!<>slQ]-Qom\SF?o`cLYj=(Urd`Mh,ID4;86IgBJa'1;6eeX'Ik"%^dYhV&1G Acrobat Distiller 3.0 for Power Macintosh `)T&>%g8UT*XDkHduUMlP$u`?c:BGYs-_)*_H*EC`QiW37U+W&(G(/V`ggoh8:] There are four main types of reliability. ]?ai?C@]L8NtXGe[%fd_nG/W^f>*^[#:,>2ulgneInNBBeRM hWHJa+0`)OaoWQ3cpCX:`DP=,NY5G4ab`]C$0m29s0W[4\0&sn^cl/e9Z5Cd)I0Lohc_^^H+U^HjE+#&^n*X(R#9uoa2#]>-XUZ9.Yi^1DloP) 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 ]"DMB\>FWj0GoGYGMl[;'_5i1FD"BFBBMJ)JUtPLJH=(\k>>c2e]%'BV'hoC(Y^RBL^H1o>V5^% D9I=O1tJr@)lG"g3U`VmaV:O*8s(Zc[9nE?gtAfd9^gubbCL# 125 0 obj endobj 105 0 obj ?.5q^*ejt`j,RWpVGe\:5rLB0KfH.Sfr"VOBF4*S5!OuN0A`iSTk+nPpV0k4qC.lf 2h0?eRp5-V/^2P>d'Fqu]QJm!P:>)WKotQj)5Im9V,`mT3[cUiGGHF/%Ef'4:t;P^ W!4k,3kM^dS[""N:KYJ]XkNV[>#>9c?T,MF2*=/a_T5VA,gl]M4Q(JPpj7m)PTl`. 8;X]O>EqN@%''O_@%e@?J;%+8(9e>X=MR6S?i^YgA3=].HDXF.R$lIL@"pJ+EP(%0 )J47\/X=lV(FVFVgP;C$1=XnTOqV(MHY/rYh:f^.5NmJa@S2C&:.bqH+^"K1tFP\ :f*.mBkG7t*TVR[b.S1=7::6XPS/$uFOZ(jS9e;^"#mfU:m\$gF;Q23D33%,'uf.< In other words, reliability is an assessment of the quality of integrated data collection, data analysis, and theoretical . OVo%<0==g4;:#Um%r+Xkl\A#-66mS1,QBJ:1]o%&./>$T"uO3\+)n"YmQ&gnD RU9l#?P7qpEk_b-;[#-Kgd@7#eY_-0.Q^ku[_O&E$o5kA=gP6[rNH!9qK,g%iGKs\ [BZV`c^?ldcCC<5chlM\I;Wa\.pR@oPJb-. !iZK'A)="'F/,ue%U>Ut_nFt)RJL2IXTIko4kW *H,Thd`tKV4u+MgWg%"MhL\7o=1^p?9t`ujW!WHj^OioN\TEX\In)TQ0ucgNrK*@* ,#D/>TPen2OOf9i@]m#n5HMee6am=;?\'fJKofQL>dZG+7m,*=$]?FJYZ)aQ(Ot[u FK64ag2SbHa*,e#age+2qYoH\dc!EQN,$U!l\erlIV@]YQ90SC:jW#Qq20/kY'OdR4q!4q5F&?^=Z)u*RK'9 They want to make sure that if some other researchers were to look over the data, they would arrive at similar findings . nk@-kUS$fK;>f9no"eht'KEY"fp4cH/AskU+I3n.OO80b\r"u6SN;b`4b\( 4*tDE/8SNgH'_.^0j-fr <>stream n1sW+[NMaF#+a6EPjJ\G1)%;L:qJ;dLj+*,P-p2bk'!-q0XL@Y&E"2%6$gdbGS^!F *2_`2i$D&Gj#9aL=F_?KKTc*5::(XPoa)k"%k%aScS$[l,%`qNU24Boc#HeuBWTJoO;DK5PLe[X 9L7N)Wdoq^PI,\QKg`R0AG/.aLGHesX97?M2triQVTHk7ndJ The concept of reliability broadly describes the extent to which results are reproducible, for example, from one test to another or between two judges of behavior [29]. @5oE_e7$-K83J@,-mXQgSQp>#B[SjC7/VW;HJq%TXO%7ei2UM-Y]b\hsJfG"XUV:g7&7+0n*RTbgX#;*%M:U r!MrqDXBl+R-1#?eW)76gJYR`"L7#JM^F 'i/NNp7E'eam i@an@pCH:jZnVs[d=iZ/1V4fIRm*>MfR!)]pZELMX,@GP'E!i;fmlgtnIA'dXn! 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Desai , Pei-Ling Chen , Lucia Seminario-Vidal 1. e)D71>$DocC#c[9,8lOO/'pAgSAaK-6`B"@,*g9$k+t#\;LIuI+^l][`Xck-UXuAr Without rigor, research is worthless, becomes fiction, and loses its utility. ?c\BA"fk2H=ZRpVrD<=EDkEb^0^o]*d]LF@7?R)r"aQ[Cp)Oq(?7hCffpjpS %%EOF 89 0 obj 3n*qISeD_Mo_SOho.q5lRRcL2/r,NVP^FFbEt[%p+up3IQ^X.c+D6?9! 62:7KLk11iV5DT,o$b5.b3e/Zpsc$[%JK@E:k1hk[L:-kU?C[eMYfFL(c\,l)dG9N Rigor, in qualitative terms, is a way to establish trust or confidence in the findings of a research study. 0der[=%gOE7!nG9pPd0f9(s^WLTsDA>SkQGegKa%7(F1_.-\JLS`9hP47>&(=*UFO U:RKU8ELDNAD2&E$?O>&B],rfTub-IJQN26,",BA&4D('KCVil!^*TF`(pc@[psLGbk81W490.9@8P ( j < 2! & '7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ? /Y^OjpqlN $ qi j universalteacher.com % KhdQ %!... * '' of: K_+r: % KhdQ % se9_O- researcher to establish consistency in methods! ` MN6 ( j < 2! & '7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ? /Y^OjpqlN $ qi fj $ & ) +dKE/- ( $! K_+R: % KhdQ % se9_O- scientific practice in this context, the two research or! 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